In the scientific world, various scientometrics indicators are used to assess the authority and ranking of journals. One of the most common is the quartile, an indicator that reflects the position of a journal within a particular scientific field. In this article, we will look at what the quartiles Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 mean and why this indicator is important for researchers when choosing a journal for publishing a scientific article.
What is a scientific journal quartile?
A journal quartile (Q) is an indicator that reflects the relative position of a scientific journal in its subject category based on its citation index.
How is a scientific journal quartile determined?
The quartile of a journal is determined based on special scientometrics indicators that characterise the citation level of publications and the overall impact of the publication in the relevant scientific field. After calculating these indicators, journals within a single subject category are ranked and divided into four groups – quartiles.
- Web of Science. In the Web of Science database, the quartile of a journal is determined based on the impact factor. This indicator shows the average number of citations of articles published in the journal over the previous two years that have been cited in the current year. The information for calculating the impact factor is contained in the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) analytical report.
- Scopus. The international Scopus database uses the SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) to determine the quartile. It is calculated based on a three-year period and takes into account not only the number of citations of publications, but also the scientific weight of the journals from which these citations originate. This means that references from more authoritative publications have a greater impact on the final score.
What are the quartile categories?
- Q1 – journals with the highest impact factors in their scientific field. These publications are considered the most authoritative and have a rigorous and often lengthy review process. Publication in them usually requires a high level of scientific research.
- Q2 – journals with slightly lower scores than Q1, but they also have a high level of authority and are recognised by the international scientific community.
- Q3 – publications with average scientometrics scores. Such journals are often chosen by researchers who are taking their first steps in publishing. Publications in them are generally recognised for most scientific and academic purposes in different countries.
- Q4 – journals with the lowest indicators within the relevant category. This group may include both new publications that have recently been indexed in scientometrics databases and journals whose rating indicators have declined over time.
What is the significance of quartiles for scientists?
A journal's quartile is an important benchmark for researchers when choosing a publication for a scientific article. It helps to assess the journal's level of authority and determine the possibilities for disseminating research results. When choosing a journal, scientists usually consider several factors.
- Publication goals. If the goal is to increase the international visibility of the research, it is advisable to focus on Q1 or Q2 quartile journals. For the beginning of a scientific career or first publications, Q3 or Q4 journals may be suitable.
- Journal subject area. It is essential that the research matches the scientific profile of the publication. Even a high quartile does not guarantee acceptance if the topic does not align with the journal's focus.
- Requirements of grants or scientific institutions. In some cases, the choice of journal depends on the criteria of grant programmes, universities, or dissertation defence rules, which may specify expectations regarding the quartile of the publication.
- Level of competition. Q1-Q2 journals usually have stricter selection criteria and a longer review process. If publishing research results within a shorter timeframe is critical, it may be advisable to consider Q3 or Q4 journals.
Many scientists underestimate the value of Q3-Q4 journals, considering them less significant. For young researchers, publishing in such journals is a key starting point that contributes to further professional growth. Q4 journals can also serve as an initial platform for a scientific career, although works in these journals typically receive less recognition in the international community.
Get guaranteed publication in Scopus and Web of Science with Scientific Publications. We will help you choose the right scientific journal and prepare your article in accordance with its requirements. Still have questions? Ask our manager during a free consultation. To do so, leave your details in the form below, and we will contact you shortly. Together to successful publication!
